ABSTRACT
Tegument protein VP22 is encoded by Pseudorabies Virus (PRV) UL49. To identify the nuclear localization signals of UL49, it is necessary to determine the transport mechanism and biological functions of the VP22 protein. In this study, we identified two nuclear localization signals from UL49, NLS1 (5RKTRVA ADETASGARRR21) and NLS2 (241PGRKGKV247). The functional nuclear localization signal (NLS) of UL49 was identified by constructing truncated or site-specific UL49 mutants. The deletion of both NLS1 and NLS2 abrogated UL49 nuclear accumulation, whereas the deletion of NLS1 or NLS2 did not. Therefore, both NLS1 and NLS2 are critical for the nuclear localization of UL49. And our resuts showed that NLS2 is more important in this regard.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , COS Cells , Cell Nucleus , Metabolism , Virology , Chlorocebus aethiops , Herpesvirus 1, Suid , Chemistry , Genetics , Metabolism , Nuclear Localization Signals , Protein Transport , Pseudorabies , Metabolism , Virology , Viral Structural Proteins , Chemistry , Genetics , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To investigate and observe serum sexual hormone (testosterone, T; free testosterone, FT; dihydrotestosterone, DHT) changes in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) before and after androgen deprivation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Serum T, FT, DHT were measured with radioimmunoassay in 16 cases with PCa respectively one week before and the fifth day after androgen deprivation. The changes of T, FT, DHT were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Serum T, FT, DHT declined 92.27%, 92.26%, 58.36% respectively. They were statistically significant before and after androgen deprivation (P < 0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>After androgen deprivation, most T and FT were deprived while DHT declined 58.36% only. Androgen receptor competitor shall be applied continually to prohibit the action of remnant androgen.</p>